OAuth2 is a common authentication method used by many web sites and applications today. Informatica Data as a Service products such as Address Verification, Email Verification, and Global Phone Validation use OAuth2 URLs. An end user provides their credentials to get an access token, which is used for authorization from then on. The token will eventually expire and no longer be valid.
For Informatica DaaS products instead of using a user name / password or license key on every API call, the end user would use their credentials in a call to the OAuth2 server to retrieve an access token. The user then provides that token on API calls until it expires, in which case they must call the OAuth2 server again to get a new one.